Imisebenzi ephambili yevili lesondo kukuxhasa ubunzima besithuthi, ukufunxa ukungcangcazela ngexesha lokuhamba kunye nokukhusela ivili. Ukuba umphetho wevili wonakele, oko kunokukhokelela kwimiba efana nokutsalela kwelinye icala isithuthi, ukugqabhuka kwamavili kunye nokungcangcazela ngelixa uqhuba; kwiimeko ezimandundu, kunokukhokelela kwiziganeko zokhuseleko ezinjengokusilela komphetho okanye ukuvuthululwa kwamatayara.
Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zokonakaliswa kwe-Wheel Rim
Umonakalo obangelwa yimpembelelo yangaphandle
Iimpembelelo zangaphandle zingoyena nobangela wokuguga komphetho wevili kunye nokuqhekeka. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngexesha lokuqhuba okuqhelekileyo kwaye zenza umonakalo emzimbeni. Umzekelo, xa isithuthi sihamba ngesantya esiphezulu phezu kwemingxuma, izigqubuthelo zemingxuma ezizikileyo okanye umgangatho wegrabile, amavili aphantsi kwempembelelo yequbuliso, enkulu kakhulu. La mandla asebenza ngokuthe ngqo kumphetho werim, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuguqulwa komphetho wangaphandle kunye nokuqhekeka kwicala langaphakathi; ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza phezu kwamatye angaphandle okanye imiqobo yendlela nako kunokubangela izibonda zendawo. Ukukrwela ngengozi kwiindlela okanye amatye ongqameko ngexa ukupaka okanye ukujika kunokubangela imikrwelo, imikrwelo echotshiweyo okanye ukonakala komphetho; ngelixa iimpembelelo zesantya ezisezantsi{4}}zisenokungabangeli iimpazamo ezicacileyo kwixesha elifutshane, zinokushiya iintanda ezifihlakeleyo.
Umonakalo wokutya kweekhemikhali
Isinyithi sisesichengeni sokhukuliseko ngenxa yezinto ezonakalisayo; ukonakala ixesha elide kunokukhokelela ekonakalisweni komgangatho womphezulu werim, ukuguga kwezinto, kunye nokuncipha kwamandla olwakhiwo. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokuqhuba kwimozulu yemvula okanye ikhephu, amanzi emvula kunye nemvula ene-asidi ibambelela kumphezulu womgca; Indlela yasebusika -izixhobo zokubeka umkhenkce kunye nenkungu yetyuwa yolwandle kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni zinokutya okuninzi kwaye zinokugqobhoza kwipeyinti yerim ukugrulisa intsimbi engaphantsi. Ukusebenzisa izicoci zamavili{3}ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ezineasidi kakhulu okanye ezinealkaline ngexesha lokuwahlamba, kwaye nokusilela ukuwasusha ngokucokisekileyo, kunokushiya iintsalela zemichiza ezidleka kwipeyinti yevili; -ukuqokelelana kwexesha elide lothuli lwebrake kunye nodaka lunakho ukufunxa ukufuma, isantya se-oxidation kunye nokuhlwa. Emva kokuba i-scrapes encinci ibangele ilahleko yepeyinti, iindawo zetsimbi eziveziweyo zingenalo uluhlu olukhuselayo kunye ne-oxidise ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-rust xa udibana nomoya kunye nomswakama, obangela ukuba i-corrosion isasazeke ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukudinwa kunye nomonakalo wokwaluphala
Xa iirim zamavili ziphantsi koxinzelelo lwexesha elide kunye nokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa, isinyithi sifumana ukudinwa, oluhlobo olungenakuguqulwa lokuwohloka kwendalo. Ngokomzekelo, xa isithuthi siqhutywa rhoqo kwiindlela ezimbi, iirimu zisoloko ziphantsi koxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungcangcazela, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhekeka kokudinwa kwe-microscopic kwakheka ngaphakathi kwentsimbi. Ezi ntandabuzo zanda ngokunyuka kweekhilomitha, ekugqibeleni zikhokelela ekuqhekekeni. Ngexesha le-braking rhoqo okanye xa uqhuba i-gradients ezide, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu avela kwiidiski ze-brake adluliselwa kwiirimu zamavili. Ukutshintshana okuphindaphindiweyo phakathi kwamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye namaqondo asezantsi akwi-ambient kubangela ukuba intsimbi yande kwaye ifinyeze, inciphisa ukuqina kwemathiriyeli kwaye iyenze ibe brittle. Iirimu zamavili entsimbi zidla ngokuba nomhlwa kunye noguquko ngokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, ngelixa iirimu zamavili e-aluminiyam ziya kubonisa ukuguga okubonakalayo emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwesibhozo yokusetyenziswa, okukhokelela ekwehleni kwendalo kumandla olwakhiwo.
Amanyathelo othintelo
- Qhuba ngokukhuselekileyo ukuphepha umonakalo kwiimpembelelo zangaphandle
Ukubeka iliso kwiimeko zendlela ngelixa uqhuba kwaye uphephe ukubaleka imiqobo ngesantya esiphezulu; xa uqhuba ebusuku, qiniseka ukuba uphephe amatye aphumayo kunye nobutyobo endleleni. Lawula isantya sakho xa upaka, ubuya umva okanye ujika, gcina umgama okhuselekileyo, kwaye unqande ukukrwempa kwiikerbs; bambelela ngokungqongqo kwimida yomthwalo wesithuthi kwaye ungaqhubeki ngomthwalo omninzi-wexesha elide.
- ULondolozo oluLungileyo lokuThintela ukuMdla kweMichiza kunye nokuguga
Coca iirimu zamavili rhoqo ukususa uthuli lwebrake, udaka, kunye namabala e-oyile ngokukhawuleza; emva kokuqhuba kwiindlela ezimanzi, ezinekhephu, okanye{0}ezinetyuwa ebusika, hlambulula iirimu ngamanzi acocekileyo kwangolo suku ukuze ususe{1}}izinto zokukhenkceza kunye neentsalela zetyuwa. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iiasidi ezomeleleyo, iialkali, okanye{3}}izixhobo zokucoca ezikumgangatho ophantsi ngexesha lokucoca, kwaye qinisekisa ukuba iirimu zihlanjululwe kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo kwaye zomiswe emva koko ukunqanda iintsalela zeekhemikhali ekubeni zigqwese umsebenzi wepeyinti. Ukuba iirimu zibonisa ipeyinti epeyinti encinci okanye imikrwelo, bamba ipeyinti kwaye usebenzise i-glaze ngokukhawuleza ukutywina nayiphi na intsimbi eveziweyo.
- Qhuba ngengqiqo ukunciphisa ukudinwa kwesinyithi kunye nokunxiba
Kuphephe ukuqhuba ixesha elide{0}ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nokuqhobosha rhoqo kwiimitha ezinde zokuhla. Vumela i-injini ukuba ingasebenzi ngokufutshane emva kokuba i-braking iphole, ukunciphisa umonakalo we-thermal kwiirimu ezibangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu; ngamaxesha obushushu obuphezulu behlobo, kuphephe ukushiya isithuthi sipakwe kwilanga elithe ngqo ixesha elide. Jikelezisa amavili rhoqo ukuze usasaze umthwalo ngokulinganayo kuwo onke amavili amane, ukuthintela elinye icala ekuthwaleni umthwalo ogqithisileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Yenza uhlolo rhoqo ukuchonga iingozi ezinokubakho zokhuseleko kwangethuba
Emva kokupaka, jonga ngokubonakalayo iirim zokuguqulwa, iintanda, ukupeyinta okanye ukurusa. Zive imiphetho ukujonga nakuphi na ukungalingani okanye umonakalo. Rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu okanye rhoqo kwiikhilomitha ezingama-20,000, tyelela iziko lenkonzo yokulinganisa amavili kunye{4}}nolungelelwaniso lwamavili amane ukujonga iintanda ezifihlakeleyo okanye ukonakala okungephi kwiirimu, kunye nokulungisa naziphi na iimpazamo ezincinci ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba iirim zibonisa i-deformation ecacileyo okanye iintanda ezinzulu, musa ukuqhubeka uzisebenzisa. Musa ukuzama ukuzilungisa ngokuziwelda; kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokuthe ngqo ngeerimu zokwenene, ezivunyiweyo.
Umonakalo kwiirimu zamavili ubangelwa ikakhulu ziimpembelelo zangaphandle kunye nokubola kweekhemikhali, kunye nomonakalo omkhulu obangelwa yimikhwa yokuqhuba kakubi kunye nokungahoywa kulondolozo. Emini-ukuya{2}}ukusetyenziswa kwemini, ukubambelela kwimigaqo engundoqo ekhuselayo 'yokucotha ukunqanda imiqobo, ukucocwa rhoqo, ukususwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokulungiswa ngokutsha, kunye nokuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo' awandisi nje kuphela ubomi benkonzo yeerimu zevili kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokulungisa, kodwa kwakhona kuphelisa iingozi zokhuseleko lwevili kwindawo enokubakho, ngaloo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.